In addition to the qualifications required to become a
practicing lawyer, legal education also encompasses higher degrees, such as
doctorates, for more advanced academic study.
In
many countries other than the United States, law is an undergraduate degree.
Graduates of such a program are eligible to become lawyers by passing the
country's equivalent of a bar exam. In such countries, graduate programs in law enable
students to embark on academic careers or become specialized in a particular
area of law.
In
the United States, law is a
professional doctorate degree known as a Juris Doctor.
Students embark upon their legal studies only after completing an undergraduate
degree in some other field (usually a bachelor's degree). The undergraduate degree can be in any field, though most
American lawyers hold bachelor's degrees in the humanities and social sciences;
legal studies at the undergraduate level are available at a few institutions.
American law schools are usually an autonomous entity within a larger
university.
Faculty
of law is another name for a law school
or school of law, the terms commonly used in the United States. This term is
used in Canada, other Commonwealth countries and the rest of the world. It may be
distinguishable from law school in the sense that a faculty is a subdivision of
a university on the same rank with other faculties, i.e., faculty of medicine,
faculty of graduate studies, whereas a law school or school of law may have a
more autonomous status within a university, or may be totally independent of
any other post-secondary educational institution.
In
addition in some countries, including Germany, the United Kingdom, Canada and
some states of Australia, the final stages of vocational legal education
required to qualify to practice law are carried out outside the university
system. The requirements for qualification as a barrister
or as a solicitor are covered in those articles
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